Policies And Impacts In Public Health - 812 Words

Policies and Impacts The health disparities among lesbian, gay and bisexuals (LGB) in comparison to heterosexuals has been widely recognized in the literature. There are variations in health outcomes within the LGB community by gender, age, sexual orientation, socioeconomic status, among other sociodemographic factors (please see, Agà ©nor, Muzny, Schick, Austin, Potter, 2017). The impact of discriminatory policies in exacerbating these disparities is a growing area of interest among social policy and public health researchers (Fish, 2008). Given the pervasiveness of these disparities, this paper explores the impact of policies on health outcomes among Black sexual minority women (SMW) within a historical context. An elucidation of the†¦show more content†¦Black SMW utilize a variety of social labels for self-identification. For instance, although the term lesbian and bisexual is utilized most frequently in the literature, Black women utilize a variety of labels other than lesbian, such as â⠂¬Å"same-gender loving† or â€Å"stud†, to express their sexual orientation (Ramsey, Hill, Kellam, 2010). Similarly, â€Å"Black† and â€Å"African American† are often used interchangeably to designate people of African descent. The term Black is a racial classification, whereas African-American is seen as referring to Americans descended from slaves forcibly brought to the United States (US) from Africa (Martin, 1991; Mio, Barker, Tumambing, 2012). It has been noted that the term â€Å"Black† is used more often by the Black community in the US (Goodwin, 1990); however, the terms â€Å"Black† or â€Å"African American† compete on a near equal footing as the preferred term among Americans of distant African ancestry (Sigelman, Tuch, Martin, 2005). As such, the term Black will be utilized for the purpose of this paper. Before the Affordable Care Act Exploiting Black Bodies in Advancing Medicine, Pre-Civil War. Historically, the social, legal and religious mistreatment of racial and sexual minorities, amongst others, has been well-documented, and persists across the world today. During the years of slavery, Black slaves were often subjected to excruciating medical experiments. Most famously,Show MoreRelatedObesity : A Social And Economic Impact On Public Health Policy Essay1622 Words   |  7 Pagesdefined as the excessive body fat accumulation that negatively impacts adult health conditions. Overweight and obese BMI is between 25 and 30 and 30. In 2010, obesity is a major public health issue that affects one million overweight adults and 400 million obese worldwide. Obesity is associated with risk factors such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease, cancer, and obstructive sleep apnea etc. (Fock Khow, 2013). â€Å" According to World Health Organization (2010), obesity is caused by excess calorie intakeRead MorePolicy Position For Electronic Cigarettes Essay1453 Words   |  6 PagesPol icy Position for Electronic Cigarettes in Public Area Electronic cigarettes, which are commonly known as e-cigarettes, can be described as battery-powered devices that are packed with liquid nicotine. The liquid nicotine is a highly addictive chemical which is dissolved in a combination of propylene glycol and water. These devices are usually designed in a way that they look like real cigarettes and are availed in different colors such as brown filter, cylindrical tube, and red-glowing tipRead MoreHealth Law, Regulation, And Policy1707 Words   |  7 PagesHealth Law, Regulation, and Policy Paper Laws, regulations, and polices are put in place for healthcare to service care to children, woman, adults, and the elderly in delivering quality healthcare through their journey and restoring any health issues if not all, also increasing morbidity rates across America. However, there are array of health regulations and associates in collaborations that makes our system seem so complex and overwhelming especially to those who play a role in the health industryRead MoreThe Disease Aids And The Us Public Health Department1288 Words   |  6 PagesThe Disease AIDS And The US Public Health Department The disease AIDS stands for Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome. The epidemic disease AIDS affected the US in 1981. The disease AIDS is defined according the world health Organization (WHO) ‘’ Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is a term which applies to the most advanced stages of HIV infection†. An outbreak virus that struck women, men, and children from every single part of world. A known disease of gay men that causedRead MoreGovernment Agencies and Health Policy1530 Words   |  7 PagesKim Clayton HLT-205 April 17, 2016 Instructor: Deborah Conway Government Agencies and Health Policy The United States Health Care system has evolved from the home visit by the town doctor concept, to a more complex system of regulatory agencies, policies, rules and regulations that govern the practice and art of medicine. It is a system in which billions of dollars have been budgeted and dedicated to ensuring the country is delivering affordable, quality care. The ultimate goal ofRead MoreHealth Policy Of Heart Disease And Stroke806 Words   |  4 PagesHealth Policy of Heart Disease and Stroke Ann B. Hamric et al ( 2014) described policy as the â€Å"authoritative decisions pertaining to health or health care, made in the legislative, executive, or judicial branches of government, that are intended to direct or influence the actions, behavior or decisions of citizens† (p.580). Health care policy should be able to increase access to health care, improve quality of care, and most important shows transparence on cost effectiveness (2014). LeadingRead MoreThe Impact Of Globalization On Public Health1208 Words   |  5 PagesThe issue of globalization and its impact on the development of the global health situation has generated much controversy. Some believe that health has gained from the phenomenon of globalization some of the general benefits that have helped to improve the overall state of global health, while others have differed in this regard in that globalization has been a challenge in advancing the level of public health. Some studies and statistics indicate that globalization and the areas of globalizationRead MoreThe Media s Impact On Health Policies1068 Words   |  5 Pagesinformation about certain health issues from mainstream media outlets. Health professionals take different approaches to understand a health-related problem that can affect the potential interventions and policies implemented. The approach taken by the media when presenting information on health can have a major impact on how the publ ic understands health. It is, therefore, important to examine how the representation of health in the media can impact health policies. A specific health concern that is dramaticallyRead MoreMy Interest On Health Policy1229 Words   |  5 PagesMy interest in health policy has emerged from the desire to empower those who have a lesser ability to change their own personal circumstances. Throughout my life, three characteristics have driven my goals and choices: (1) an appetite for travel and broad exploration; (2) an enjoyment of problem solving; and (3) a deep-seated desire for equity and justice. For as long as I can remember, it has been my goal to integrate these three core values into my career, and they have fueled me to become a moreRead MorePublic Managing Competing Agendas : The United States Department Of Health And Human Services Essay1292 Words   |  6 PagesAssignment 2: Public Administration- Managing Competing Agendas The United States Department of Health and Human Services is an organization which plays an essential role within the policy issues concerning the Healthcare Reform Act. The Department of Health and Human Services goal is to protect the health of all Americans. Thus for providing adequate and essential human services, especially for those who are incapable of doing so for themselves. Throughout this essay, one will examine the organizational

The Reasons Why People Drop out of University. - 571 Words

The reasons why people drop out of university are many. Each year millions of people join university in hopes of a bright future. But some choose to dropout. Whatever the reason, dropping out is a big decision and needs a great deal of consideration. Some of the reasons why people drop out of university are because they cannot handle the finances, the academic pressure they face and loss of interest. The number one reason why people drop out of university is because they cannot handle the finances. Some are not able to pay the college fees anymore. They may be working part-time jobs to pay for their college education. If they lose their jobs and can’t get another one they may be left with no choice but to drop out of the university. Others may be supporting their families and have other expenses making them quit university. Some may dropout because they no longer get any financial assistance. They may lose grants or scholarships from college that helped ease their financial burden before. Parents may be unable to help them anymore due to health and family expenses, other personal problems or emergencies. Another reason why people drop out of university is because of the academic pressure they face. Some may find the academic program too hard. With time it can get difficult to maintain a good grade point average. Some colleges offer remedial courses and other assistance for weaker students. But with all the help that the college provides they may be stillShow MoreRelatedGraduation Speech : High School1357 Words   |  6 Pageshappens, grades tend to fall and when grades tend to fall it usually means you’re not doing what you’re supposed to be doing, and when you’re paying thousands of dollars for an education most people can’t afford to take college as a game being played. For most students they don’t have a choice but to drop out because of all these outcomes. After high school a lot of kids are satisfied with just having their diplomas in their hand and not going to college to further their education. Then you have theRead MoreWhy School Should Be A School1158 Words   |  5 PagesThere are many arguments as to why children should stay in school. I think education is important to any child’s life. Education is what builds a person up and help them make something of their self , and from a nobody to a somebody. Education is the key to any door you are trying to open. I wouldn’t consider anybody to drop out of school. I know school can be hard at times, but its only hard because the teachers are trying to make you stronger. Education to me is basically what you need to betterRead MoreAmerican Students Drop Out Of High School1534 Words   |  7 PagesDid you know that one million American students drop out of high school every year (EPE 2012), and that students in the United States are the twenty-fifth math, the seventeenth i n science, the fourteenth in reading, out of twenty nine countries (OECD 2012)? According by the National Assessment of Education Progress, two out of three eighth-graders cannot read proficiently and that nearly three out of four eighth- and 12th-grade students cannot write proficiently. How the level of U.S schools canRead MoreA Collage Drop Out Essay688 Words   |  3 PagesA collage drop out As high school students, most of us were taught the dream of going to college from the importance that it has. The real life examples from our friends and family teach us the importance of going to college. When students drop out of college they may lose themselves, their family and friends. The fact is things happen that we just dont expect. For example, a friend of mine was in a heavily committed relationship that didnt end well. The stress from losing the person heRead MoreWhat Can Stop Kids From Dropping Out By David L. Kirp892 Words   |  4 PagesKirp, a professor of public policy at the University of California, Berkeley, wrote a New York Times article in April 2016 regarding one of America’s leading problems. The purpose of this final essay is to summarize the article, critique it, analyze the article using the definition of â€Å"successful intelligence† as the analytical tool, and finally conclude by answering the â€Å"so what† question. Kirp’s article entitled, What Can Stop Kids from Dropping Out, begins by citing some startling statistics;Read MoreThe Importance Of Education1505 Words   |  7 Pagesgoal-oriented process during which people acquire knowledge and skills. It gives them an opportunity to obtain some desirable results from such knowledge assimilation in the future. Education increases the chances of a person to having a successful career and a secure life. According to Freeman Hrabowski in his article â€Å"Colleges Prepare People for Life,† â€Å"Yes, colleges prepare people for jobs, but more critically, they prepare people for life† (260). Some people could argue that there are a lot ofRead MoreThe Rise Of Crime And Crime972 Words   |  4 Pages both victimisation and authorised crime presented specifically sharp drops from 2007 to 2009, when being without a job rates ascended. Robbery, burglary, and household theft oppressions had been dropping by a rate of about 4% pe r year from 1993-2006, but fell by an ordinary of 6 to 7% per year for the duration of the Great Recession. This is not for the reason that crime is distinct to economic situations, but for the reason that crime is correlated to so many other things. Criminologists RichardRead MoreCollege Tuition Should Be Regulated915 Words   |  4 Pagesused to be. One reason why it continues to increase is mainly because of the significant amount of loans that are borrowed by college students but are not getting paid back; however, does anyone ever wonder where does the money that is put into colleges go to? College professors are not the reason that college cost so much; in addition to, the money also goes towards sport teams, scholarships, and construction work in order to expand the campuses (Carey). â€Å"Tuition at Stanford University in 1980-81 wasRead MoreThe Importance Of College Education1142 Words   |  5 Pagesstudents that attend college and gives them a shot at a career. 50 year s ago, college was strictly for the elite, high class Americans. Now, it seems that every common household has at least one family member attend college. But with the increasing drop out rate today, students seem less interested in learning at college and their priorities change from their original goal of graduating. The importance of education today is a growing factor because the future of this country depends on the studentsRead MoreThe Against Dropping Out Of College1549 Words   |  7 Pagesmost likely a self-driven individual attracted to dropping out. You have been seduced by the stories about millionaire entrepreneurs from whom dropping out of college became a fast track to success. Having digested this article, your viewpoint on this decision will change and you will become professionally informed to make the only valid decision regarding dropping out. Follow some of the strongest unconventional arguments against dropping out of college: The Magazine of Higher Learning provide overview

Englres Outline free essay sample

I. Introduction What is E-marketing /social network marketing/online advertising? Ever since the start of trading among humans, marketing has been around in one form or another. They used marketing as stories to convince others to trade with them. Since then, our methods of using marketing has now been long improved. It has grown to be more efficient at telling our marketing messages out there in the open (Harridge, 2004). E-marketing is the product between our modern age technologies and the old traditional marketing principles. It is the use of the Internet and the electronic media in aiding one’s product or service to be known. Needless to say, using these approach is an important addition to the traditional marketing path whatever the size of your business may be. Similar to traditional marketing, e-marketing uses startegies, activites, and processes to the right audience with the desire of finding, appealing, and sustaining buyers. The only difference is that e-marketing is more broad in terms of its scope and options (Harridge, 2004). It uses the internet for marketing and promotions, not only that, it also uses e-mail and wireless media for marketing use. Examples of e-marketing are interactive online ads, viral marketing, online directories, and the like. 1. 1 Overview The Internet gives way for businesses to have an accesible and systematic course to let their products or services visible to consumers. But nowadays, it is very challenging for businesses to e-market and to have it have an effect on their sales and also to their product’s or service’s awareness since a huge number of companies are also taking advantage of the Internet. In this paper, we will research on how and why e-marketing became so in demand amongst businesses. I. 1 Purpose To have a clear understanding of the significance of e-Marketing today and why it became so popular. I. 2 Motivation Interactivity Traditional marketing is solely for letting the message of a brand known, while e-maketing on the other hand aids the conversation between the businesses and the consumers. With this kind of business to consumers and vice versa communication channel, the businesses can now have an idea on what they need to work on and imporve more on with the help of the responses made by the consumers through the said channel. With this, the businesses can also feed off of the feedback of their consumers, making them look more charismatic and flexible (Dou, 2009). Immediacy E-marketing can also give an immediate impact on ways never imagines before. Imagine yourself browsing through one of your favorite magazines and you suddenly came upon a double-page advertisment for some new product or service, maybe from Blackberry’s latest phone offering, Prada’s newly released line or Ferrari’s latest luxury sportscar. Using this kind of traditional marketing media, it’s not that simple for you as a consumer to hear of the product’s actual purchase (Dou, 2009). Using e-marketing, it is now simple and easy to let the consumer’s know about the product’s actual purchase or even let the consumer’s buy the actual product. With a few short clicks, consumers can now order the lastest phone offering from Blackberry, making their business open for 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. I. 3 Organization The first thing that we will be discussing is why business adopts to E-marketing. Why a huge number of companies are now transferring most of their advertising budget on online marketing or also known as E-marketing rather than that of the old traditional marketing in magazines, newspapers, and the like. Second, we will be talking about of the impact of E-marketing today. It’s advantages and disadvantages, and also the opportunities and threats that can bring into a company. Lastly, how using social networks can facilitate in the buying decision of the consumers. We will be discussing of the reasons why social networking sites are a helpful approach in the business’s profit, how it can sell its product with the help of the feedbacks or recommendations seen in the Internet. How it will make or break their profit. II. Body II. 1 Why Businesses Adopt to E-marketing Traditional marketing made on prints and broadcast media had encountered so much challenges in the recent years. With newspaper prints are closing and television channels having ordeals from profits going down. A significant reason for this is because of the huge numbers of businesses and companies investing their budgets on online channels aside from the usual ones. A research by Forrester Jennings (2007) showed that the consumer’s attention is now shifting to online channels as 56 percent of people who are regularly online at home. And an estimate of 36 percent who are internet users, now watch less TV, 28 percent read less newspapers and magazines, and 17 percent listen less to radio stations since they went online. Nowadays, online advertising has now been the recipients of budgets related to advertising, coming from banner advertisements placed on websites that are frequently visited, from personalized e-mails in which it can be edited depending on the needs and wants of their target consumers. Businesses’s goals is for their product or service to be at the heart of the community, that’s why a huge number of businesses are now developing their own websites, blogs, and forums online. With Web 2. 0, businesses are now given opportunities for them to get in touch and closer with their target market, this also includes data and information collecting; community sponsoring; and content providing such as news, music, and the like (Miller et al. , 2009). However, sometimes it can be challenging for a business tocatch the heart of a community since a business’s major goal is to use and manipulate communication to their advantage. That’s why it is important for businesses to not only know but also understand which demographic segment uses the Internet the most. They have to undertsand the characterisitics of the internet-user for them to be able to design and come up wiith an effective and appropriate marketing approach to their target audience. Varadajaran and Yadav (2002) expalined that the use of Internet marketing complements the performance and capability of the marketing mix element , which are price,placement, product, and promotion, except the handling of the distribution itself of none-electronic product’s focal point is the shifting of the traditional marketplace to the non-traditional one, which is the web, which both has real-life and electronic marketplace. While Kalyanana and McIntyre (2002) says that e-marketing compared to the traditional marketing, has 7 more elements that are thought to be needed for businesses who are going to use e-marketing, this includes, customers service, privacy, site, community, security, personalization, and lastly, sales promotion. II. 2 Impact of E-marketing a. Generating Leads With Social Media Marketing b. Social Network Marketing Pitfalls c. Social Network Marketing Opportunities d. Social Network Marketing Threats II. 3 Using Social Networks to Facilitate Purchase Decision Making Social networking websites have a subjective purpose in aiding product choices, whether for a consumer to decide to buy or not. It is common knowledge that peer groups have a greater effect and influence over a buyer’s purchasing decision and a buyer’s behavior have recently shown that peer groups almost always has an effect on the final outcome. A lot of evidence has indicated that when contrasting the difference between professional or personal services, consumers are likely to listen for information or feedbacks coming from their families, friends, relative, and other personal contacts rather than that of a company’s own review of its own product or service. But let’s not also forget that positive word-of-mouth recommendations that came from the customers or buyer who had an exceptional experience with the certain company plays a role for the success or downfall of a business. Therefore, the goal of a business is to maintain the flow of positive feedbacks through positive word-of-mouth recommendations and lessen the negative ones. Base on a study conducted, there is evidence reported that 64 percent of social networkers are likely to visit a page or website coming or knowing it from a friend’s site, while on the other hand, only 10 percent are likely to visit a website by direct referral from a social networking site if it’s an entertainment or music website (Hitwise, 2008). Nowadays, businesses are coming to realize that e-marketing is an increasingly important marketing strategy because traditional marketing has been less effective in influencing consumer behavior by the decreasing number of readers in conventional mediums like magazines and newspapers (Leskovec, 2008). There are also evidences seen that messages or feedbacks coming from online forums or communities are being trusted more compared than that of feedbacks coming from conventional mediums (Gillin, 2007). It was also reported that almost half of the internet-users will most likely buy a product or service if they saw a positive feedback or recommendation online from a customer/buyer, while reportedly, 34 percent of online-users did not buy a certain product or service due to the negative feedbacks they came upon online. It is also said that online-users tend to trust feedbacks or recommendations coming from online sources/e-marketing, rather than that of a feedback coming from a conventional source. To further show this proof, they conducted a survey showing that 25 percent of internet-users trusted a feedback coming from a well-known/famous web site, and 15 percent trusted the feedbacks coming from individual personal blogs of their friends or someone they knew. While on the other hand, only 14 percent of internet-users trusted a feedback coming from a newspaper article, 9 percent on a television commercial advertisement, 8 percent on a review on the company’s own blog, 4 percent on an e-mail sent by a company, and 2 percent on an e-mail sent to them by the CEO of the company (Mandell, 2009) . 3. Discussion

Malvolio character assessment Essay Example

Malvolio character assessment Paper Malvolio shows a lot of arrogance in this act because he believes everything revolves around him, for example, M. O. A. I. This is because he scrambles around the letters like an anagram to form some of the letters of his name in the correct order. This also shows that he self-obsessed and ignorant as this letter was written in what looked like Olivias writing so he was sure that it must have had something to do with him even though it had no proper signature and it may have had nothing to do with him at all. Malvolio as a steward is a spoil-sport as he stops Sir Toby, Sir Andrew and Feste from eating drinking, coming in late and last but not least enjoying themselves with songs and jokes. He does not enjoy fun as such, as he says in a sarcastic tone of voice this is much credit to you, when they sing a song about him. He is a bit of a boaster, to be Count Malvolio. This shows that he boasts about his position in the house as if it were higher than it actually is. Lastly he also believes that Olivia loves him and will marry him as he says that, the Lady of the Strachy married the yeoman of the wardrobe. By this he is implying that he likes Olivia and his mock-grandiose manner becomes clear in this scene. Maria accurately notes that Malvolio cons State without book, meaning that he uses high-flown language without necessarily knowing its proper meaning. Malvolio resorts to legalistic-type language when berating the group for their merry-making. We will write a custom essay sample on Malvolio character assessment specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Malvolio character assessment specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Malvolio character assessment specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer He notes their lack of mitigation or remorse in their misdemeanours. Likely, Malvolio is not acting of Olivias will, as he claims to be, he is such a high-strung and officious character that his chastisement of the party is not out of the range of his ordinary behaviour. Malvolio is very much the puritan, as the party well knows, he dislikes parties, drinking, merriment of all sorts, and Sir Toby, Maria, Feste, and Sir Andrew openly resent Malvolio trying to put a damper on their high spirits. Although some of the groups dislike of Malvolio stems from his kill-joy behaviour, their characterisation of him, as overly proud, puritan, and meddling is correct in most respects. Maria tries to get them to be quiet, but Malvolio is awakened by the noise, and comes down to berate them for disturbing the household. Once Malvolio leaves, Maria concocts a plan to make Malvolio look like a complete fool: since Marias handwriting is similar to Olivias, she will write love letters to Malvolio and make it look like the letters have come from Olivia. The party decides to try this out and see if it will work. His soaring high opinion of himself allows him to believe what he wants to, because of this he misunderstands everything Olivia says. When she instructs him to go to bed to sleep off his madness he believes she means to go to bed with her, Ill come to thee. Olivia shows concern for her loyal servant and asks for special care of her fellow. He also takes these words the wrong way and launches into a great speech about how she recognises him as her social equal and fellow. The scheme has succeeded to make Malvolio look completely foolish but the tricksters then begin to take things a little too far when they accuse him of being possessed. When Olivia departs the trick is rendered a success as Malvolio hath taken the infection of the device and fallen for it. The audience is reminded of Malvolios snobbishness, go off, I discard you. This only encourages the kinsmen and servants pretend they believe he is a lunatic, possessed by the devil, bewitched and attempt to convince Malvolio himself that he is mad, defy the devil. They wind him up and pretend to be concerned by calling him childishly affectionate names like chuck and biddy. Malvolio senses that they are ridiculing him, and getting annoyed he almost stoops to their element by telling them to be proud about all aspects of himself, to such an extent that he is greatly bordering on superciliousness. Overall, with taking into consideration the negative and truly objectionable aspects of Malvolio, it can be seen that he does in fact need to be taught a lesson about the downfalls of his disdainful ways. The fact that he is so totally self-satisfied, means that convincing him of anothers love (i. e. Olivias) is easy to achieve. The letter written by Maria in Olivias hand refers subliminally to each of Malvolios character weaknesses and consequently ensures that he is fooled by its meanings. His vanity and value of appearance are both fed by the order to wear: Yellow stockings ever cross gartered. While his lack of humour and proposing his puritan lifestyle is his vanity. He also takes pride in his physical appearance should she fancy, it would be one of my completion which tells us that he thinks he is a person who is admired; he is generally happy with himself. When all of this adds up it can be seen he needs to be taught a lesson. The revenge take the form of letter written by Maria in her ladys hand, convinces Malvolio that Olivia loves him. The letter also says that if he wishes to be with Olivia that he is to smile and wear yellow stockings, which are cross gartered. Now if we look at the play we see why this was a very clever trick, Countess Olivia had just lost her brother and he used to wear yellow stockings. For example, in Malvolios fantasies, and sometimes separate from their clothing as Orsino finds himself becoming increasingly closer to Cesario. Malvolio not only disguises himself on the outside, but at the same time he is asked to disguise his personality by coming before her smiling. Olivia is still in mourning at this stage for her brother and father, thus making his smiles even more out of place and bizarre to her. Maria flatters him in the letter by saying thy smiles become thee well. This personality may be a disguise, although it may also be Malvolios true character that he has been forced to oppress because of his situation in the house and status in society. The new-found confidence he is given in receiving this letter maybe instead of asking him to change his personality, is really letting him show his true self that he has been hiding behind a front of hostility. Malvolio may have been masking himself previously, and now he is given the chance to remove this guise. Maria also orders him to be surly to the servants and opposite with a kinsman. Olivias kinsman is Sir Toby, so Malvolio takes this to mean that he is free to be rude and disrespectful of him, and thinks that Olivia wants him to do this to show his love for her. This is likely to only make her dislike him more- the point of Marias plan. The rest of the crew are hiding in the box tree and listening to every word he is saying about them. This does not encourage them to be lenient with Malvolio. After witnessing Malvolios egoistic fantasies, we can see why he is so easily duped by Marias letter. Ironically the man who once put down the clown (Feste) is now becoming the clown himself as he reads out coarse puns: These be her very Cs, her Us and her Ts; and thus makes her great Ps. Malvolio is convinced that Olivia is deeply in love with him but doesnt know how to tell him. In the letter Maria makes Malvolio believe that Olivia is asking him to wear yellow stockings as a sign that he loves her, a style which she in fact detests. Even though these items are not usually included in Malvolios sombre attire he is desperate to please the countess: I will be strange, stout, in yellow stockings and cross-gartered, even with the swiftness of putting on. Jove and my stars be praised! We must remember that Malvolio is still a Puritan who does not believe in love and happiness. He therefore convinces himself that it is the work of Jove that has brought this occurrence about.